Calculating-machine.



H. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1911 Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

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H. HOPKINS.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.10,1911

1,080,694. Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

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//v YEA/T0}? HUBE HOPKINS human us m lvn: wAswmcvn-l b r UNITED STATESPATENT orinon HUBER'I. HOPKINS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO MOON-HOPKINS BILLING MACHINE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 10, 1911. Serial No. 620,184.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUBERT HOPKINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain ing-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming partof this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through my improved machine. Fig. 1

is a front elevational view of the means for controlling the platen line spacing mechanism. Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of said mechanism. Fig. 2 is a plane view of the key bars and their connections. Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the actuating racks, the type carriers and their connec tions. Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing the parts in changed position. Fig. 5 is afront elevational view of means for preventing the type bars from moving. Fig. 6 is a plane view of the parts shown in Fig. 5.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in calculating machines, the object beingto construct the machine in such a manner that the'printing impression made in listing the items or totals is visible. Another object is toprovide a machine of the character described with mechanism for preventing the movement of the type carriers, said mechanism being controlled by a manually operable key, and also by the multiplying mechanism, whereby an item introduced into any of the accumulators may not be printed at the will of the operator and also partial products registered in the rear accumulators arenot printed.

My present invention is designed particularly as an improvement on the calculating machine illustrated in Belgium Patent No. 202,081, dated Aug. 21st, 1907, and also in application for United States Letters Patent filed by me April 9th, 1906, Se-

rial No. 310,739, and I shall therefore not describe the details of construction of the various parts which are fully set'forth in said Belgium patent, butshall, only refer to themin so far as their operation may.

affect my present improvement.

The reference characters employed in the' following 4 description ,below 500 refer the parts of the machine illustrated and described in saldBelgium patent, and those above 500 refer to the'parts identified with any present improvements. Y i new and useful Improvement in Calculati In the drawings, the digit keys in group Patented Dec. 9, 19 13.

A, Fig. 2 are on the ends of key bars a and the multiplier keys in group B are con 1 nected to'rods 250. I shall not again refer to the multiplying mechanism, as the same forms no part of my present invention. The error key, soma-rked on Fig. 2, per.-' .forms the function described in the aforesaid Belgium patent, and the result keys marked E (extension), Tab (tabulating), P (product), T (total), D

(decimal) perform the same function as in said Belguim patent. The subtraction k y and its connected parts, forms'no part of my present invention. The rear ends of the digit key bars a terminate under lifting bars 56 arrangedunder a field of set-up pins 62 in ,a traveling carriage 57. When a number is to be introduced into the machine, the proper keys are struck ingroup A commencing with the highest order and the traveling carriage is advanced leftwardly, so as to bring the set-up pins 62 under the. field of stop pins '93, which stop pins, when the traveling ca 'riage is bodily lifted, are positioned in front of the shoulders 101 on the rack bars 100. These rack bars are connected by slot and pin connection to operating levers 102 and springs 103 draw them forward. The restoring bar 104 carried by the'side frames 105 restrain the forward movement of the rack until the main shaft is rocked. This main shaft indieated at 81 carries eamsIOSthereon which cooperate with rollers 107 on the side frames 105. In the machine shown in my Belgium patent aforesaid, the' racks 100 carry the type at their forward ends whichare moved under a platen and make a printing impression, when the hammers are released, directly under said platen. In the present machine, the racks do not carry the type on their-forward ends, but carry a series of steps 501 constituting stops which stepped stops are positioned over' lateral projections extending from their rearwardly extending arms of the vertically. movable type. carrying bars. These type carrying bars'carry types at their upper. ends'w'hi'ch are-ImO'ved in front of a platenand 'are' designed to make a printing impression upon the" paper to a lock 'arm on the shaft 536.

supported oy said platen by being moved vertically in differentpositions. stopped steps limit the vertical movement of the type carrying bars, and means are provided for moving said bars. vertically, which means forms one feature of my present invention.

Referring to Fig. 2: 53% indicates atabulating key which is connected by a link 535 On this 3 shaft is another rock arm' to which latter ent, aforesaic is connected a link 537 connected to a rock arm on shaft 538, which shaft carries another rock arm carrying a stepped bar 539 for operating a pivot dog 540 for releasing the escapement mechanism of the laterally movable carriage and positioning a stop in front of the'adjustable blocks on said carriage, and for advancing the carriage leftwardly predetermined distances. This tabulating key is used where-a pluralit of col- -umns of numbers are printed on tie paper and it is desired to obtain separate totals thereof and the grand total of all the columns, as fully set forth in the Belgium pat- Referring to Figs. 3 and 4.: Pin 107 has a link 502 connected thereto which link is connected in turn by a slot and pin connection to a depending arm 503 extending from a triangular frame plate 503, mounted on a shaft 504. The purpose of the slot and pin connection before referred to, is to enable the frame 105 to move forwardly a slight distance, permitting coincident forward movement of the racks, before the triangular frames are rocked. A spring 502 is connected to the link 502 and the pin on the extension 503 and tends to take up this lost motion, and to hold the. pin in the rear end of the slot during the entire rocking movement of the triangular frames; thus, when the frame 105 starts forwardly its initial movement will take up this lost motion, and when the pin reaches the rear end of the slot in link 502, the further forward movement of the frame 105 and the triangular ing type 510 at its upper end, as shown.

Each type bar is provided with a rearward extension in which is arranged a pin 511. This pin in the normal position of the parts. shown in Fig. 3, lies under the lowermost stop or shoulder 501, which may be designated as the zero shoulder; the other shoula The tact with the zero shoulders.

their normal or home position.

bars held at zero, will, to all intents and.

purposes, not be moved, or if moved, not

sufficiently to carry the zero shoulders infront of the pins 511; and when the triangular frames 503 are rocked to cause increased tension in the springs 508, bar 505 will per- "mit the levers 506 connected with the type bars to rise slightly until the pins 511 con- In the event thata rack bar'moi'esforward to one of its nine difierent positions, say to the ninth po sition as shown in Fig. 4, the first movement of said rack bar in taking up lost motion between the link 502 and the pin on extension 503*. will result'in carrying the zero shoulder in front of the pin 51 1; and then as the type bar starts to rise, the rack will move forwardly and there will be no ratcheting of the pin 511 over the stepped-stops. \Vhen the rack bar is arrested by its stop pin 93 (or by the-tripping projection on the totalizer wheel contracting with the pendant of the carrying mechanism in the operation of taking total) it will-be positioned with the proper shoulder over the pin 511. The

continued upward movement of the type bar will now bring the pin 511 against its.

proper shoulder and fix the posit-ion of the proper type in the printing line. The'frame 105, however, has an excess forward movement which carries the restoring bar 104 in advance of the levers 102, and this excess movement is taken advantage of to lift the type bars so as to bring the pins 511 against the stop shoulders lying in the vertical plane thereof. This excess movementis also taken advantage of on the backstroke of the machine so that upon the commencement of such back stroke, the frame 105 is moved rearwardly a short distance beforethe re-,

storing bar picks up the levers 102 to restore the racks. During this initial rearward move-.

ment, frame 105 rocks the't-riangular frames,

and the bar 505 depresses the type bars so as to move the pins 511 below the shoulders with which they coiiperated, before the racks start to move; hence, there will beno ratcheting of the pins over the stepped-shoulders during the return movement of the parts to Yhen the type bars are fully depressed, a shoulder thereon rests on a fixed bar 512, forming a part of the framing of the machine, whereupon the levers 506 are arrestedand the final movement of the frame places the swinging spring 502 under tension and moves the f to locate the pin on the extension link so as 503 in the forward end of the slot to provide for the lost motion in the next operation of the machine.

The printing impression is made by type hammers 156 controlled by mechanism similar to that described in the Belgium patent aforesaid, and which it is unnecessary here to detail. In my present machine however, I provide a non-print key initialed N P Fig. 2 which non-print key prevents the operation of the printing mechanism when an item is introduced into any of the accumulato This non-print key is also indicated in *ig. 3 at 513, being pivoted upon a shaft 514; and having an upward extension 513 which is connected by a rod 515 to a bell crank lever 516 having a slot and pin connection with a link 517 pivotally connected to a lever 518. The forward end of this lever is stepped, as shown, and cooperates with a pin on the lower end of a pendant lever 519 pivoted at its upper end to a part of the frame of the machine and carrying a pin 520. This pin lies in front of a bail whose lower cross member 521 lies in front of a slot 509" in the type bars 509. A spring 522, shown in Fig. 6 tends at all times to move the pin 520 against the bail and force the lower cross member there of into the notch 509 this tendency being resisted by the stepped end of the lever 518.

In operation, when the non-print key is depressed, the link .517 is drawn forwardly and, consequently, the stepped endof lever 518 is raised, permitting the lever 519 to move rearwardly until arrested by a pin 523 on the link 524, which link operates the printing mechanism. Link 524 corresponds to the link 166 in my Belgium patent, but said link in the present instance is connected to a bell crank lever on a sleeve slidingly mounted on a shaft 86. The purpose of thus sliding the link 525 is to main-- tain the relation between certain cams when they are moved to the third position, as when the decimal key is depressed, and it desired to introduce items into the rear accumulator direct from the keyboard. It will be remembered that in my aforesaid patent, certain of the cams marked 82, when -moved to such third position by the multilication keys, does not disturb the position of the sleeve on the shaft 86. and hence the relation between the sleeve on shaft 91 and shaft 86- being disturbed by the movement of the latter to its third position. will pre vent printing during such multiplying op erations.

In the present instance. when the stepped forward end of lever 518 is raised.'it will permit the lever 519 to swing back slightly until it is arrested by the pin 323, in which position the pin on the lower end of lever 5.11) ill lie under the forward end of lever .318 and hold said lever elevated; but the bail piece 521 will not enter the notch 509 until 024 is moved by the rocking of the bell crank 525. When this rocking starts, which is ust prior to the time that the racks start forward, the pin 523 will be withdrawn and the bail will move into the notches 509. In this manner there will be no positioning of the type bars and consequently no printing can occur. The shaft 514, upon which the non-printing key is pivoted is the shaft upon which the motor key 514i is fixed. This motor key has an extension 51 1 connected to a rod 514 to the motor controlling devices, which form no part of my present invention. Snflice to say that, when the motor key is operated, the main shaft 81 rocks forwardly and backwardly, as indicated by the two positions of the cam 108 in Figs. 3 and 4; or, when one of the multiplying keys is depressed the main shaft operates twice to perform the operations of multiplication. Extending from the shaft 514: is an arm 514. see Figs. 2 and 3, which arm has a lateral extension 514 arranged in front of the arm 513 of the non-print key. Thus, when the non-print key is operated. the motor key shaft 514 is rocked and the clutch operated so as to connect the mot-or with the main shaft 81 to effect its operation.

The multiplying devices, before referred to, are located in the casing 237 at the rear end of the machine, and in order to prevent printing the partial products incident to the multiplying operations, I arranged one arm of a bell crank lever 526 above one of the vertically moving parts of the multiplying mechanism, see Fig. 1. the multiplying keys is pressed, the rear end of this lever 525 is raised, and a link 526 is drawn downwardly, which link is connected to the bail 521. In this manner the bail can be drawn into the notches inde-' pendently of the manual operation of the non-printing keys, so as to hold. the type bars against movement and prevent the printing of partial products in multiplication operations. Pin restores the lower end of lever 519, and moves the pin on the lower end thereof in front of the stepped end of levcr 518 so as to prevent another operation of the bail 521 unless the nonprinting key (or the multiplying mechanism) operated. Bail 521 is held forward by a spring 521 (see Fig. '6) and the link 526 which is connected thereto is provided with slot so as to permit rearward movement of said bail, notwithstanding the nono 'iei-ation of said link.

I have also illustrated in the accompanying! drawings an improved mechanism for throwing the line spacing mechanism for the platen into and out of operation. This consists of a rock shaft 527 mounted in the 532 on the upper en frame of the machine and p rovided with a crank pm 528 which engages in lever 529. The upper end of this lever is connected to a bar 530 forming part of the mechanism which rotates the platen in line spacing. The lower end of this lever is held forwardly by a spring 531 and is provided with a slot which is desi ned to engage a pin of a link 533 guided by a pin on the framing which passes through a slot therein as shown. This link is connected to one member 525 of the bell crank 525, and when its pin engages the slot of lever 5-29, the link and'lever are connected together so as to move in un1son;

and hence line spacing of the platen is effected. When, however. the rock shaft is given a half turn, connection is broken and the vibration of lever 533 will not operate the line spacing mechanism. This latter condition is desirable in operations of lineal addition. By connecting the line spacing mechanism with the bell crank 525, which is identified with the printing mechanism, it is obvious that if the printing mechanism is not operated, no line spacing of the paper can occur, which is desirable in multiplying operations when partial products are being obtained; but Whenever the printing mechanism is operated, and line spacing should be effected, as in column addition, the link is swung, by the manually operable handle, to engage the link.

What I ciaim is:

1. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuating devices therefor,. and type carrying devices movable at substantially right angles to the movement of said actuating devices, said actuating devices and type carrying members being provided with cooperating stops for limiting -the movement of the type carrying members.

2. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actimting devices therefor. type carriers whose movement is controlled by said actuatingdevices, and means for moving said actuating devices and type carriers: said means retarding the movement of said type carriers until after the actuating devices have started to move.

3. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuating devices thereforftvpe carriers Whose position is controlled by said actuating devices. means for moving said parts, said means retarding the movement of said type carriers until after the actuating devices have started to move and means for restoring said parts to normal Position after movement; said means moving said type carriers before the actuating devices are moved.

4. In a calculating machine. the COIIlblllil. tion of a totalizer, actuating racks therefor. type carriers whose position is controlled by said actuating racks, means for moving said parts; said means causing the actuating racks to move before the type carriers are moved, and said means also restoring parts to normal position, such restoration ca'using the type carriers to move before the actuating racks are moved in the restoring movement.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, horizontally movable racks and vertical movable type bars, said racks and type bars being provided with cooperating stops for limiting the movement of the type bars.

7. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, horizontally movable racks provided with a series of stepped stops, and vertically movable type carriers Whose position is controlled by said stepped stops.

8. In a calculating machine the combination of a totalizer, actuating racks, springs for impelling said racks, means for restraining the movement of said racks in one directhe racks and type carriers whose excursions are controlled by the position of said racks and whose movement is derived from said restraining and restoring means.

9. In a. calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuating racks therefor, springs for impelling said racks in one direction, restraining and restoring means for said racks, type carriers Whose position is controlled by said racks, and a lost motion connection between said type carriers and restraining and restoring means.

10. In a calculating machine, the combination of racks having stepped stops, type carriers whose position is controlled by said stepped stops, levers for moving said type carriers, springs connected to said levers for moving them in one direction, a restoring bar for moving them in the other direction; said springs and restoring bar being carried by a movable frame, a connection between said movable frame, and restoring means for said racks.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuating devices therefor, type carrying devices movable at substantially right angles to the movement of said actuating devices, a yielding connection moving said type carriers, and means for preventing the movement of said type type carrying bars while the actuating devices are moving.

-13. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totali'zer, actuating devices therefor which are provided with a series of stops, type carrier bars which move against the stops of said actuating devices, yielding means for moving said type carrier bars. means for arresting the movement of said [type carrying bars while the actuating devices are moving, printing mechanism, and means identlfied with said prmtmg mechanism for releasing said arrest-mg means.

14. In a calculating machine, the com bination of a totalizer, actuating racks therefor which are provided with a series of stops, type carriers whose position is determined by said stops and meanswhereby the type carriers are restrained against movement until after the racks start to move.

15. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, actuating racks therefor which are provided with a series of stops, type carriers whose position isdetermined by said stops and means whereby the racks are restrained against movement until after the type carriers start to move.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 8th day of April, 1911.

HUBERT HOPKINS.

\Vitnesses:

M. P. SMITH, E. M- HARRINGTON 

